feat(instructions): add .instructions.md instructions (#309)
* feat(instructions): add `.instructions.md` instructions * chore: update README
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@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ Team and project-specific instructions to enhance GitHub Copilot's behavior for
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| [Conventional Commit](instructions/conventional-commit.prompt.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fconventional-commit.prompt.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fconventional-commit.prompt.md) | Prompt and workflow for generating conventional commit messages using a structured XML format. Guides users to create standardized, descriptive commit messages in line with the Conventional Commits specification, including instructions, examples, and validation. |
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| [Convert Spring JPA project to Spring Data Cosmos](instructions/convert-jpa-to-spring-data-cosmos.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fconvert-jpa-to-spring-data-cosmos.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fconvert-jpa-to-spring-data-cosmos.instructions.md) | Step-by-step guide for converting Spring Boot JPA applications to use Azure Cosmos DB with Spring Data Cosmos |
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| [Copilot Process tracking Instructions](instructions/copilot-thought-logging.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fcopilot-thought-logging.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fcopilot-thought-logging.instructions.md) | See process Copilot is following where you can edit this to reshape the interaction or save when follow up may be needed |
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| [Custom Instructions File Guidelines](instructions/instructions.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Finstructions.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Finstructions.instructions.md) | Guidelines for creating high-quality custom instruction files for GitHub Copilot |
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| [Dart and Flutter](instructions/dart-n-flutter.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdart-n-flutter.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdart-n-flutter.instructions.md) | Instructions for writing Dart and Flutter code following the official recommendations. |
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| [DDD Systems & .NET Guidelines](instructions/dotnet-architecture-good-practices.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdotnet-architecture-good-practices.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdotnet-architecture-good-practices.instructions.md) | DDD and .NET architecture guidelines |
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| [Dev Box image definitions](instructions/devbox-image-definition.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdevbox-image-definition.instructions.md)<br />[](https://aka.ms/awesome-copilot/install/instructions?url=vscode-insiders%3Achat-instructions%2Finstall%3Furl%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fraw.githubusercontent.com%2Fgithub%2Fawesome-copilot%2Fmain%2Finstructions%2Fdevbox-image-definition.instructions.md) | Authoring recommendations for creating YAML based image definition files for use with Microsoft Dev Box Team Customizations |
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instructions/instructions.instructions.md
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instructions/instructions.instructions.md
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---
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description: 'Guidelines for creating high-quality custom instruction files for GitHub Copilot'
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applyTo: '**/*.instructions.md'
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---
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# Custom Instructions File Guidelines
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Instructions for creating effective and maintainable custom instruction files that guide GitHub Copilot in generating domain-specific code and following project conventions.
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## Project Context
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- Target audience: Developers and GitHub Copilot working with domain-specific code
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- File format: Markdown with YAML frontmatter
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- File naming convention: lowercase with hyphens (e.g., `react-best-practices.instructions.md`)
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- Location: `.github/instructions/` directory
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- Purpose: Provide context-aware guidance for code generation, review, and documentation
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## Required Frontmatter
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Every instruction file must include YAML frontmatter with the following fields:
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```yaml
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---
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description: 'Brief description of the instruction purpose and scope'
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applyTo: 'glob pattern for target files (e.g., **/*.ts, **/*.py)'
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---
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```
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### Frontmatter Guidelines
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- **description**: Single-quoted string, 1-500 characters, clearly stating the purpose
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- **applyTo**: Glob pattern(s) specifying which files these instructions apply to
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- Single pattern: `'**/*.ts'`
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- Multiple patterns: `'**/*.ts, **/*.tsx, **/*.js'`
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- Specific files: `'src/**/*.py'`
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- All files: `'**'`
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## File Structure
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A well-structured instruction file should include the following sections:
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### 1. Title and Overview
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- Clear, descriptive title using `#` heading
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- Brief introduction explaining the purpose and scope
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- Optional: Project context section with key technologies and versions
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### 2. Core Sections
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Organize content into logical sections based on the domain:
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- **General Instructions**: High-level guidelines and principles
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- **Best Practices**: Recommended patterns and approaches
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- **Code Standards**: Naming conventions, formatting, style rules
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- **Architecture/Structure**: Project organization and design patterns
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- **Common Patterns**: Frequently used implementations
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- **Security**: Security considerations (if applicable)
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- **Performance**: Optimization guidelines (if applicable)
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- **Testing**: Testing standards and approaches (if applicable)
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### 3. Examples and Code Snippets
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Provide concrete examples with clear labels:
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```markdown
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### Good Example
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\`\`\`language
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// Recommended approach
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code example here
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\`\`\`
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### Bad Example
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\`\`\`language
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// Avoid this pattern
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code example here
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\`\`\`
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```
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### 4. Validation and Verification (Optional but Recommended)
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- Build commands to verify code
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- Linting and formatting tools
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- Testing requirements
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- Verification steps
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## Content Guidelines
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### Writing Style
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- Use clear, concise language
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- Write in imperative mood ("Use", "Implement", "Avoid")
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- Be specific and actionable
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- Avoid ambiguous terms like "should", "might", "possibly"
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- Use bullet points and lists for readability
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- Keep sections focused and scannable
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### Best Practices
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- **Be Specific**: Provide concrete examples rather than abstract concepts
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- **Show Why**: Explain the reasoning behind recommendations when it adds value
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- **Use Tables**: For comparing options, listing rules, or showing patterns
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- **Include Examples**: Real code snippets are more effective than descriptions
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- **Stay Current**: Reference current versions and best practices
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- **Link Resources**: Include official documentation and authoritative sources
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### Common Patterns to Include
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1. **Naming Conventions**: How to name variables, functions, classes, files
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2. **Code Organization**: File structure, module organization, import order
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3. **Error Handling**: Preferred error handling patterns
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4. **Dependencies**: How to manage and document dependencies
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5. **Comments and Documentation**: When and how to document code
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6. **Version Information**: Target language/framework versions
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## Patterns to Follow
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### Bullet Points and Lists
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```markdown
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## Security Best Practices
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- Always validate user input before processing
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- Use parameterized queries to prevent SQL injection
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- Store secrets in environment variables, never in code
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- Implement proper authentication and authorization
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- Enable HTTPS for all production endpoints
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```
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### Tables for Structured Information
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```markdown
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## Common Issues
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| Issue | Solution | Example |
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| ---------------- | ------------------- | ----------------------------- |
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| Magic numbers | Use named constants | `const MAX_RETRIES = 3` |
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| Deep nesting | Extract functions | Refactor nested if statements |
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| Hardcoded values | Use configuration | Store API URLs in config |
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```
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### Code Comparison
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```markdown
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### Good Example - Using TypeScript interfaces
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\`\`\`typescript
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interface User {
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id: string;
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name: string;
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email: string;
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}
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function getUser(id: string): User {
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// Implementation
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}
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\`\`\`
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### Bad Example - Using any type
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\`\`\`typescript
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function getUser(id: any): any {
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// Loses type safety
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}
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\`\`\`
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```
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### Conditional Guidance
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```markdown
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## Framework Selection
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- **For small projects**: Use Minimal API approach
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- **For large projects**: Use controller-based architecture with clear separation
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- **For microservices**: Consider domain-driven design patterns
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```
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## Patterns to Avoid
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- **Overly verbose explanations**: Keep it concise and scannable
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- **Outdated information**: Always reference current versions and practices
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- **Ambiguous guidelines**: Be specific about what to do or avoid
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- **Missing examples**: Abstract rules without concrete code examples
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- **Contradictory advice**: Ensure consistency throughout the file
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- **Copy-paste from documentation**: Add value by distilling and contextualizing
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## Testing Your Instructions
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Before finalizing instruction files:
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1. **Test with Copilot**: Try the instructions with actual prompts in VS Code
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2. **Verify Examples**: Ensure code examples are correct and run without errors
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3. **Check Glob Patterns**: Confirm `applyTo` patterns match intended files
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## Example Structure
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Here's a minimal example structure for a new instruction file:
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```markdown
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---
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description: 'Brief description of purpose'
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applyTo: '**/*.ext'
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---
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# Technology Name Development
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Brief introduction and context.
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## General Instructions
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- High-level guideline 1
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- High-level guideline 2
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## Best Practices
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- Specific practice 1
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- Specific practice 2
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## Code Standards
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### Naming Conventions
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- Rule 1
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- Rule 2
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### File Organization
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- Structure 1
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- Structure 2
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## Common Patterns
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### Pattern 1
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Description and example
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\`\`\`language
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code example
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\`\`\`
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### Pattern 2
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Description and example
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## Validation
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- Build command: `command to verify`
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- Linting: `command to lint`
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- Testing: `command to test`
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```
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## Maintenance
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- Review instructions when dependencies or frameworks are updated
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- Update examples to reflect current best practices
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- Remove outdated patterns or deprecated features
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- Add new patterns as they emerge in the community
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- Keep glob patterns accurate as project structure evolves
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## Additional Resources
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- [Custom Instructions Documentation](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/copilot/customization/custom-instructions)
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- [Awesome Copilot Instructions](https://github.com/github/awesome-copilot/tree/main/instructions)
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